From the Texas Comptroller's Office: Federal Funding in Texas

About 35.5 percent of Texas’ net revenue for fiscal 2016 came from the federal government.

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Federal funding plays an essential role in state finances, supporting a variety of programs and services. In fiscal 2016, for instance, nearly 20 percent of federal tax dollars went directly to state governments as grants to pay for programs in education, health care and infrastructure.

Texans sent the federal government $261 billion in taxes in 2016, and the state government received $39.5 billion in grants in return, or about 15 percent of our total federal tax tab. Those grants were the state’s second-largest revenue source, providing more than a third of its net revenue in that year. (State taxes, by contrast, supplied nearly 44 percent.)