Im·mune
/iˈmyo͞on/
adjective
1. totally or partially resistant to a particular infectious disease or pathogen.
"they were naturally immune to hepatitis B"
2. protected or exempt, especially from an obligation or the effects of something.
"they are immune from legal action"
Sometimes the law does not apply.
Definition
- Legal Immunity:
Legal immunity, or immunity from prosecution, is a legal status wherein an individual or entity cannot be held liable for a violation of the law, in order to facilitate societal aims that outweigh the value of imposing liability in such cases. Such legal immunity may be from criminal prosecution, or from civil liability (being subject of lawsuit), or both. The most notable forms of legal immunity are parliamentary immunity and witness immunity.
- Immunity:
Immunity refers to legal protection that exempts a person from liability, punishment, or legal action that would otherwise apply. Immunity can be granted in various contexts, including criminal and civil cases, administrative proceedings, and legislative inquiries. For example, see "immunity from prosecution"
The concept of immunity has its roots in the common law, but it has been codified in various statutes and legal codes. For example, the U.S. Constitution's Supremacy Clause grants immunity to federal officials performing their official duties.
See also: Diplomatic immunity; Qualified Immunity; Sovereign immunity
Types:
Absolute immunity, a type of immunity for government officials that confers total immunity when acting in the course of their duties
Amnesty law, a law that provides immunity for past crimes
Charitable immunity, immunity from liability granted to charities in many countries from the 19th century to the mid-20th century
Diplomatic immunity, agreement between sovereign governments to exclude diplomats from local laws
Immunity from prosecution (international law), exclusion of governments or their officials from prosecution under international law
Judicial immunity, immunity of a judge or magistrate in the course of their official duties
Parliamentary immunity, immunity granted to elected officials during their tenure and in the course of their duties
Qualified immunity, in the United States, immunity of individuals performing tasks as part of the government's actions
Sovereign immunity, the prevention of lawsuits or prosecution against rulers or governments without their given consent
Sovereign immunity in the United States, the legal privilege by which the American federal, state, and tribal governments cannot be sued
Spousal privilege, also called spousal immunity, protects a spouse from testifying against the defendant
State immunity, principle of international law that the government of a state is not amenable before the courts of another state
Witness immunity, immunity granted to a witness in exchange for testimony
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ArtII.S3.5 Presidential Immunity
ArtII.S3.5.1 Presidential Immunity to Suits and Official Conduct
ArtII.S3.5.2 Presidential Immunity to Suits and Unofficial Conduct
ArtII.S3.5.3 Qualified Immunity Doctrine
